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MINI REVIEW article

Front. Radiol.

Sec. Neuroradiology

This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Neuroradiology: Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic InnovationsView all articles

NEUROIMAGING OF NEONATAL BRAIN POST THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA-A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE NON-PEDIATRIC NEURORADIOLOGIST

Provisionally accepted
Martina Di StasiMartina Di Stasi1*Angela PlantulliAngela Plantulli2Felicia Filomena VarsaloneFelicia Filomena Varsalone2Gianpiero LocatelliGianpiero Locatelli1Chiara PaolellaChiara Paolella3Giulia FrauenfelderGiulia Frauenfelder1Margherita Di StasiMargherita Di Stasi4Francesco TaglialatelaFrancesco Taglialatela1Maria Grazia CorboMaria Grazia Corbo2Daniele Giuseppe RomanoDaniele Giuseppe Romano1
  • 1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
  • 2Department of Maternal and Child Health, Neonatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, Salerno, Italy
  • 3Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Santobono Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
  • 4Ophthalmology Unit, Presidio Ospedaliero San Luca, Vallo della Lucania, Italy

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Therapeutic hypothermia is currently considered the standard treatment for neonates diagnosed with moderate or severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in high-resource settings, improving survival and reducing long-term disability. Consequently, it is increasingly performed in non-pediatric hospitals with intensive neonatal care units. Magnetic Resonance Imaging plays a fundamental role in assessing the extent of brain injury and represents a key prognostic tool in these patients, facing the neuroradiologist with complicated cases. As current literature is flourishing, we aim to provide a practical guide to the non-pediatric neuroradiologist summarizing protocols, characteristic radiological findings and optimal imaging timing by revising published studies.

Keywords: HypoxicIschemic Encephalopathy (HIE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neonatal brain, Non-pediatric Neuroradiologist, Therapeutic hypothermia (TH)

Received: 10 Oct 2025; Accepted: 20 Jan 2026.

Copyright: © 2026 Di Stasi, Plantulli, Varsalone, Locatelli, Paolella, Frauenfelder, Di Stasi, Taglialatela, Corbo and Romano. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Martina Di Stasi

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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