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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Epilepsy
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1335421
Diazepam Nasal Spray Administration Is Effective to Control Seizure Clusters Irrespective of Time of Day
Provisionally accepted- 1 Hawaii Pacific Neuroscience, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
- 2 Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States
- 3 Neurelis, Inc, San Diego, California, United States
- 4 John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Introduction: Neurologic circadian influences, including sleep/wake transitions, processes (eg, hormonal variation), and behavioral patterns (eg, consumption of food and oral medications), may affect seizure patterns. Specific circadian patterns of seizures have been reported depending on type, onset location, and severity; however, data on patterns for patients with seizure clusters and effectiveness of rescue therapy by time of day are limited. Methods: We conducted post hoc analyses using patient diary data from the phase 3 safety study of diazepam nasal spray, which is indicated for acute treatment of seizure clusters in patients with epilepsy aged ≥6 years. Patients were administered age- and weight-based doses; second doses could be administered if needed to control a seizure cluster. We assessed clock timing of seizure-cluster onset along with second-dose use as a proxy for effectiveness. Treatment-emergent adverse events were recorded. Results: Seizure-cluster onset was observed to be generally highest during mornings and late evenings and lowest in the early evening and middle of the night. Second-dose use was not consistently associated with a specific time of day. The safety profile was consistent with that expected from previous studies of diazepam nasal spray. Conclusion: These results suggest that diazepam nasal spray can be effectively administered at any time of day.
Keywords: Acute repetitive seizures, Administration, intranasal, circadian, cycles, Diazepam, Epilepsy, Rescue therapy
Received: 08 Nov 2023; Accepted: 30 Apr 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Liow, Wheless, Cook, Rabinowicz and Carrazana. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Kore Liow, Hawaii Pacific Neuroscience, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
David F. Cook, Neurelis, Inc, San Diego, California, United States
Enrique Carrazana, Neurelis, Inc, San Diego, California, United States
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