REVIEW article
Front. Aging Neurosci.
Sec. Parkinson’s Disease and Aging-related Movement Disorders
Volume 17 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1580029
Exercise as a Multitarget Therapy: Modulating Myokines, Neurotrophins, and Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease
Provisionally accepted
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to significant motor and non-motor symptoms. Recent studies emphasize that exercise is a beneficial intervention, not only helping to decrease the risk of developing of Parkinson's disease but also alleviating existing symptoms. This review investigates the mechanisms by which exercise influences myokines, neurotrophic factors, growth factors, and inflammation-related factors to promote neuronal survival and plasticity in Parkinson's disease. Despite promising findings, the specific molecular pathways through which exercise exerts neuroprotective effects remain largely unexplored, and individual variability in disease progression necessitates personalized exercise interventions tailored to each patient's needs. Furthermore, for patients unable to engage in physical activity, exploring alternative therapies that mimic exercise to achieve neuroprotective effects is crucial. In conclusion, this review highlights the need for further research to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced neuroprotection and to establish effective individualized exercise programs, ultimately improving the management of Parkinson's disease.
Keywords: Parkinson's disease, Exercise, Cytokines, irisin, BDNF, TNF-α
Received: 20 Feb 2025; Accepted: 15 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Yang, Liu, Ding, Yu, Jiang, Yan and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: HanDeng Liu, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.