REVIEW article
Front. Aging Neurosci.
Sec. Neuroinflammation and Neuropathy
Volume 17 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1592578
Stem cell extracellular vesicles: A new dawn for anti-inflammatory treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
Provisionally accepted
- 1Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles, as carriers for intercellular communication, are rich in bioactive substances such as proteins and nucleic acids, and show unique potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Their vesicular structure, with a diameter of 30-150 nm, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and modulate the activity of microglia and astrocytes by delivering functional molecules. This process inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory factors and enhances the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators, thereby alleviating neuroinflammation in the pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases. As natural drug carriers, extracellular vesicles can improve the targeted delivery efficiency of therapeutic molecules. However, their specific anti-inflammatory mechanisms remain not fully understood and require further exploration. This article discusses the anti-inflammatory effects in the context of neurodegenerative diseases and provides a summary and outlook on the anti-inflammatory actions associated with extracellular vesicles from past research.
Keywords: Stem Cell Therapy, extracellular vesicles, Neuroinflammation, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, multiple
Received: 12 Mar 2025; Accepted: 27 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yu, Ma, Lai, Wu, Shen and Yan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Junqiang Yan, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
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