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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Aging Neurosci.

Sec. Neurocognitive Aging and Behavior

Volume 17 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1630982

This article is part of the Research TopicMolecular neuroscience of cognitive resilienceView all 4 articles

Stressors-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction during Aging: Mechanisms and Future Challenges

Provisionally accepted
  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology (Shanghai Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
  • 3Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
  • 4Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Stressful events can lead to transient impairments in learning and memory, a phenomenon more pronounced in the elderly. As global life expectancy rises, the shift toward an aging society underscores the urgent need for effective preventive strategies against stress-induced cognitive dysfunction. Elucidating its pathogenesis is essential for developing neuroprotective interventions and mitigating medical and societal impacts. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice aged 2 and 18 months were subjected to restraint stress (2 hours/day for 14 days). Spontaneous activity and anxiety-like behavior were evaluated using the open field test, and cognitive performance was assessed via the novel object recognition test. mRNA sequencing revealed differentially expressed genes, which were further analyzed using Gene Ontology enrichment through the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. Key molecular findings were validated by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Additionally, a literature review was conducted to identify emerging research directions. Our results reveal that aged mice exhibit impaired upregulation of protective Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress genes and show downregulation of mitochondrial expression and translation pathways, in contrast to young mice in which stress primarily upregulated genes involved in mitochondrial organization and Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) metabolism. These age-specific vulnerabilities highlight ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as potential intervention targets.

Keywords: Stress1, Cognitive dysfunctions2, aging3, ER stress4, mitochondria5

Received: 20 May 2025; Accepted: 07 Oct 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, Zhang, Guo, Dai, Chen, Huang, Xiang, Yu and Su. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence:
Weifeng Yu, ywf808@yeah.net
Diansan Su, diansansu@yahoo.com

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