REVIEW article
Front. Aging Neurosci.
Sec. Neurocognitive Aging and Behavior
This article is part of the Research TopicGenetic Modulation of Gut Microbiome: Effects on Neurological Health and AgingView all 4 articles
Research Progress on the Interaction Between Multiple Organ-Brain Axes and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders: A Narrative Review
Provisionally accepted
- Chengdu Military General Hospital, Sichuan, China
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Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common central nervous system complication during the perioperative period, characterized by memory decline, lack of concentration, and other cognitive deficits, which severely affect the quality of life and prognosis of patients. Its incidence remains high. Consequently, the prevention and treatment of PND, along with investigations into its etiology and mechanisms, have become prominent research areas. Recent studies suggest that the occurrence of PND is closely related to the interactions of multiple "important organ-brain axes," such as the gut-brain axis, liver-brain axis, lung-brain axis, heart-brain axis, spleen-brain axis, and kidney-brain axis. Dysfunction of these axes may affect brain homeostasis through neural, immune, and endocrine pathways, leading to perioperative cognitive impairment. Although some progress has been made, the mechanisms underlying PND remain intricate and not fully elucidated. This article aims to comprehensively review how different organ systems influence central nervous system function through multifaceted interactions. It also analyzes the pathological mechanisms of PND and proposes new strategies for perioperative brain protection, with the hope of improving postoperative cognitive function and patients' quality of life.
Keywords: Perioperative Period, Neurocognitive disorders, organ-brain axis, Pathophysiological mechanism, Neuroinflammation
Received: 21 Sep 2025; Accepted: 04 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Shi, Wu, Sun, Liu, Zeng, Li, Dai, Gong and Huang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Gu Gong, gonggu68@163.com
Qingqing Huang, 970327481@qq.com
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