REVIEW article
Front. Cell. Neurosci.
Sec. Cellular Neuropathology
Volume 19 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fncel.2025.1655342
Alzheimer's Disease: Where do we stand now and what are the strategic interventions?
Provisionally accepted
- International Center for Biomedicine, Santiago, Chile
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, the primary cause of dementia in people over 65 years old. AD is characterized by two molecular hallmarks, the intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of tau and amyloid beta oligomers, which are aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau and amyloid beta peptides, respectively. These hallmarks gave rise to the two main theories that have opened the way for available treatments, such as FDA-approved memantine, and Ab (aducanumab, lecanemab) and tau immunotherapies. Tau immunotherapy, especially multitarget approaches, has been recently proven effective. However, drugs against amyloid plaques had a non-successful outcome, despite their contributions to AD knowledge. An innovative approach comes from the multitarget concept, based on bioactive molecules and nutraceuticals. Interestingly, the use of early detection biomarkers such as Alz-Tau ®, SIMOA ®, and the recent Lumipulse ™ test, are an important support to orient AD therapies based on the modifications of the styles of life. This includes physical exercise, a healthy diet, mindfulness, and cognitive stimulation, among others. All of the above analyses are critical to switch the focus to the prevention of AD.
Keywords: Alzheimer´s disease, etiopathology, Immunomodulation, prevention, Early detection diagnosis, Nutraceuticals
Received: 27 Jun 2025; Accepted: 21 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Maccioni, González and Geywitz. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ricardo Benjamin Maccioni, International Center for Biomedicine, Santiago, Chile
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