MINI REVIEW article
Front. Cell. Neurosci.
Sec. Cellular Neuropathology
Volume 19 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fncel.2025.1658074
Human brain organoids: An innovative model for neurological disorder research and therapy
Provisionally accepted
Hancheng Li1
Junxiao Zhu1
Jie-Yu Li1Yangkai Wu1Chaohua Luo2Yuting Huang1Jieru Wu1Wenhua Liu1
Wang Hongwu1*Zhixian Mo2*- 1Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
- 2Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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The emergence of human brain organoids (hBOs) has transformed how we study brain development, disease mechanisms, and therapy discovery. These 3D in vitro neural models closely mimic the cellular diversity, spatial structure, and functional connectivity of the human brain, providing a groundbreaking platform that outperforms traditional 2D cultures and animal models in studying neurodevelopment and neurological disorders. To further explore the potential of hBOs technology, we review current literature focusing particularly on its applications for diagnosing and treating major neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other related neurological disorders. Using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells combined with cutting-edge gene-editing technologies, hBOs enable highly precise mechanistic studies and scalable drug screening. Moreover, we further discuss the advantages and current limitations of hBOs. Despite these challenges, hBOs remain a transformative platform for the development of targeted neurotherapeutics.Collectively, this review offers a solid foundation for advancing neuroscience research and fostering innovative treatment strategies for neurological disorders.
Keywords: Human brain organoids, neurological disorders, disease modeling, Therapeutic Innovation, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Received: 03 Jul 2025; Accepted: 08 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Zhu, Li, Wu, Luo, Huang, Wu, Liu, Hongwu and Mo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Wang Hongwu, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
Zhixian Mo, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.