Traditional Chinese Medicine's Holistic Symphony: Regulating microglia - driven Neuroinflammation for Alzheimer's Disease Resolution

Jialing Yu¹Xinya Bao¹Chuchu Shan¹Zebin Yu¹Yajie Yu^2*Hongying Wang^3*Yuyan Zhang^1*

• ¹Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
• ²Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
• ³Lanxi People's Hospital, Lanxi, China

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive dysfunction, motor abnormalities, and memory disorders, with a persistently high and rising incidence. Its pathological features include the deposition of extracellular amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ), the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neuroinflammation. Microglia (MG), as the main immune cells in the central nervous system, can transform into different phenotypes. An imbalance in their phenotypic transformation may induce neuroinflammation and lead to neurological diseases, playing a central role in the onset and progression of AD. Purpose: This article aims to briefly review the key role of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of AD and to summarize and analyze the strategies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for targeting microglia in AD treatment. Methods: Literature review and analysis were conducted to summarize the role of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in AD pathogenesis and to collate TCM therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating microglia. Results and Conclusion: Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a central role in the pathological progression of AD. TCM demonstrates potential for intervening in AD neuroinflammation by regulating microglial phenotype and function; these related therapeutic strategies warrant summary and analysis.