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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article

Front. Med.

Sec. Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1589193

The Relationship Between Initial Vitamin D Levels and in Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Outcomes in PCOS patients: A Systematic Review

Provisionally accepted
Leony OctaviaLeony Octavia1,2*Lucky SutantoLucky Sutanto3,4Dwi Andhika PanjarwantoDwi Andhika Panjarwanto5,6Nabila PutriNabila Putri7,8⁠Putri Lenggo Geany⁠Putri Lenggo Geany10,9R. Mohamad JavierR. Mohamad Javier11Aldo Aulia RahmanAldo Aulia Rahman12Vallexa Septina YoraVallexa Septina Yora13,14Arthur Peter TandayuArthur Peter Tandayu5,6⁠Srigita Varsha ⁠Srigita Varsha⁠Srigita Varsha ⁠Srigita Varsha15,16Sofyan SolichinSofyan Solichin5,6
  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
  • 2Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
  • 3Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kartika Husada Tanjungpura, Tanjungpura, Indonesia, Tanjungpura, Indonesia
  • 4Military Hospital of the Indonesian Army Kartika Husada, Jl. Adisucipto Km 7, Kuburaya-West Kalimantan, Tanjungpura, Indonesia
  • 5Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
  • 6University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
  • 7Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Tangerang, Indonesia, Tangerang, Indonesia
  • 8University of Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
  • 9Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
  • 10Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
  • 11Departement of Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, RSUPN dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • 12Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia
  • 13Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
  • 14University Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Malang, Indonesia
  • 15Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
  • 16Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

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Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-age women and is often associated with infertility challenges. Recent studies suggest that vitamin D levels play a significant role in reproductive outcomes, particularly in PCOS patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 were analyzed, focusing on the impact of pre-treatment vitamin D levels on IVF outcomes such as fertilization rates, implantation rates, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates. Only studies on PCOS-related infertility were included, while non-PCOS infertility cases were excluded.The review examined 59 studies, highlighting variations in outcomes based on study design and populations. Evidence generally supports the hypothesis that adequate vitamin D levels are associated with improved IVF success, though inconsistencies remain. Further research is recommended to standardize supplementation protocols and better understand vitamin D's biological mechanisms in reproductive health.The relationship between initial vitamin D levels and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) suggests that vitamin D plays a crucial role in enhancing IVF success, although the findings remain somewhat inconsistent. Research generally points to a positive correlation between higher baseline vitamin D levels and improved reproductive results, including increased live birth rates, pregnancy rates, and better ovarian responses during IVF treatments

Keywords: Vitamin D, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, in vitro fertilization, Reproductive outcomes, Systematic review

Received: 07 Mar 2025; Accepted: 06 Aug 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Octavia, Sutanto, Andhika Panjarwanto, Putri, Geany, Javier, Rahman, Yora, Tandayu, ⁠Srigita Varsha and Solichin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Leony Octavia, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Supplementary Material