ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Hematology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1593130
Exploring the Prognostic Value of Combined Assessment of Bone Marrow Plasma Cell Morphology, Vitamin D, and Interleukin-6 in Multiple Myeloma
Provisionally accepted
- 丰都县中医院, 重庆市, China
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Objective: The study aims to explore the prognostic assessment value of bone marrow plasma cell morphology, Vitamin D (Vit D), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM), with the potential to provide local medical care for follow-up patients and indirectly alleviate the difficulty of accessing healthcare in higher-level hospitals. Methods: Clinical data were collected from 111 MM patients admitted to the Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, between January 2022 and December 2024. The morphological characteristics of plasma cells in different stages of the disease were analyzed in patients with poor prognosis. The correlations between the number of plasma cells, Vit D, IL-6, laboratory indicators, and disease stages were investigated. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted based on follow-up data to assess the prognostic value of these three indicators in MM. Results: The heterogeneity of plasma cell morphology is evident in MM patients, and there are significant differences in the number of plasma cells between the Durie-SalmonStaging System (DS) and the International Staging System (ISS) (p<0.05). There were marked differences in bone marrow plasma cell count, Vit D levels, and IL-6 levels across different stages (p<0.05). The number of bone marrow plasma cells and IL-6 levels before chemotherapy were significantly higher than those after chemotherapy, with statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Vit D positively correlated with Serum Albumin (ALB) (r=0.581, p<0.05), while IL-6 negatively correlated with Hemoglobin (HGB) (r=-0.556, p<0.05). The number of bone marrow plasma cells and IL-6 levels positively correlated with DS stages in MM patients (r=0.4466, 0.6347, p=0.0001, <0.0001, respectively). Vit D negatively correlated with DS stages in MM patients (r=-0.6312, p<0.0001). The combined detection AUC of 0.835 was superior to that of IL-6 (z=2.148, p=0.032) and Vit D (z=1.978, p=0.042)alone.Combined detection of bone marrow cellular morphology, Vit D, and IL-6 can provide effective prognostic monitoring for MM patients, potentially offering local follow-up care, reducing economic burdens, and improving quality of life.
Keywords: Multiple Myeloma, Bone Marrow Cellular Morphology, Vitamin D, Interleukin-6, prognosis
Received: 13 Mar 2025; Accepted: 04 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 黄, 张, 刘 and 杨. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: 泽松 杨, 丰都县中医院, 重庆市, China
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