CASE REPORT article
Front. Med.
Sec. Infectious Diseases: Pathogenesis and Therapy
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1607970
Case Report: Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced Rash and Mucositis (MIRM) in a Child
Provisionally accepted
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Rationale: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common pathogen responsible for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. MP infection can also induce extrapulmonary manifestations, including mucocutaneous eruptions. Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) is a relatively newly described entity distinct from erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). However, MIRM remains underrecognized, with limited cases reported in China.A previously healthy 10-year-old boy presented with fever, cough, severe mucositis (oral and ocular involvement), and disseminated rash for 5 days.The patient was diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM), confirmed by clinical presentation and laboratory detection of MP nucleic acid.The treatment regimen for the patient included intravenous azithromycin, methylprednisolone at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), vitamin C, oral antihistamines, topical treatments for mucosal care, ophthalmic ointment, and calamine lotion. After one week, due to a persistent cough and a positive Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) nucleic acid test, the patient's treatment was transitioned to oral doxycycline.The patient experienced significant clinical improvement after 14 days, with resolution of rash, mucosal lesions, and cough. Follow-up tests confirmed clearance of MP nucleic acid and normalization of inflammatory markers.Lessons: MIRM is a distinct mucocutaneous entity associated with MP infection.Pediatricians should recognize its clinical presentation early to provide prompt targeted therapy and supportive care, thus preventing complications.
Keywords: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, rash and mucositis, Mirm, Children, case report
Received: 08 Apr 2025; Accepted: 24 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Mo, Wang, Jiang and Jin. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Li Jin, Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu Province, China
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