ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Hepatobiliary Diseases
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1620371
Global, regional, and national burden of acute hepatitis (1990-2021): A systematic analysis of the global burden of disease in 2021
Provisionally accepted
- 1People’s Hospital of Qianxinan Prefecture, Xingyi, China
- 2Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- 3Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Background: Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) remains a global health concern, with significant variations in incidence, mortality, and DALYs across different regions, age groups, genders, and socioeconomic levels. This study explores AVH trends using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database (1990–2021). Methods: We analyzed age-standardized incidence, mortality, and DALY rates across 204 countries and 27 super-regions. Trends were quantified using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and decomposition analysis to assess the contributions of population growth, aging, and epidemiological shifts. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and age-period-cohort (APC) models were also applied, while global health inequalities were evaluated via the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Concentration Index (CI). Results: Incidence and mortality rates were notably higher in individuals under 20 and over 80 years, with males consistently at greater risk than females. Acute Hepatitis A predominates in low-SDI regions, whereas Acute Hepatitis B is more prevalent in high-SDI regions. Projections indicate a continued decline in AVH burden by 2031, driven by population dynamics and epidemiological changes. Conclusion: While global AVH burden is decreasing, significant disparities persist, warranting tailored interventions to enhance resource equity in high-SDI regions and strengthen healthcare infrastructure in low-SDI areas.
Keywords: acute hepatitis, Incidence, Mortality, DALYs, Global burden of disease
Received: 29 Apr 2025; Accepted: 25 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Bai, Chen, Chen, Pang, Zheng, Deng, Sun, Lan and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Zhixun Bai, People’s Hospital of Qianxinan Prefecture, Xingyi, China
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