SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Med.
Sec. Pulmonary Medicine
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1634175
This article is part of the Research TopicMultifaceted Explorations in Sarcoidosis: Risk Factors, Diagnostic Techniques, Pathogenesis, and Advanced TherapeuticsView all articles
Psychiatric Symptoms and Syndromes in Sarcoidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Provisionally accepted
- 1Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- 2Universiteit Antwerpen Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Wilrijk, Belgium
- 3Psychiatric Hospital Sint-Hiëronymus, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
- 4University Psychiatric Hospital Duffel, Duffel, Belgium
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Introduction: Sarcoidosis is often associated with psychiatric symptoms and syndromes (PSS). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize available literature on the prevalence of PSS in sarcoidosis, as well as their potential associations. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, including case reports and studies that investigated PSS in sarcoidosis. A meta-analysis was performed on studies that assessed the association between sarcoidosis and PSS, using odds ratios (OR). Results: We included 43 studies and 53 cases on PSS in patients with sarcoidosis. The weighted average prevalence was 24.9% for depression, 28.7% for anxiety, 29.2% for neurocognitive symptoms, 54.4% for fatigue, 50.5% for excessive daytime sleepiness and 26.9% for sleep disturbances and insomnia, with the best available evidence for depression, anxiety and fatigue. The meta-analysis (n=962) confirms that patients with sarcoidosis have a significant increased risk of developing PSS when compared with healthy controls (OR=5.498, CI=0.430–70.238, p<.001). Depressive symptoms and fatigue were most reported on and demonstrated the strongest associations as well (resp. OR=4.855, z=2.401, p=0.016 and OR=20.231, z=2.868, p=.004). Significant associations with anxiety and neurocognitive symptoms were also observed, although with less available evidence. Case reports reveal a diagnostic diversity not reflected in study populations, including psychosis and catatonia. Conclusion: Sarcoidosis is associated with a higher prevalence of PSS. Nonetheless research in this area remains limited. Systematic use of standardized psychiatric assessment tools is recommended.
Keywords: Sarcoidosis, Neurosarcoidosis, Depression, Anxiety, Fatigue, psychosis, Neuroinflammatory diseases heeft opmaak toegepast
Received: 23 May 2025; Accepted: 01 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Frans, Van Hoye, Van Meerbeeck, Morrens and Van Den Eede. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Andreas Frans, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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