ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Med.
Sec. Ophthalmology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1653585
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Ocular Autoimmune DiseasesView all 8 articles
Changes in Human Tear Metabolome Following Topical 0.05% Cyclosporin A on Primary Sjögren's syndrome
Provisionally accepted
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Objective This study aimed to investigate changes in the tear metabolome and the therapeutic impact of 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drops in patients with dry eye disease (DED) linked to primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Methods Fifteen patients with pSS-related DED were treated with topical 0.05% CsA for 3 months. Ocular examinations were performed and tear samples were collected at baseline (T0) and 3 months post-treatment (T1). Differentially expressed metabolites were detected and correlated with clinical parameters. Results Topical 0.05% CsA treatment significantly improved the Ocular Surface Disease Index score, lid margin vascularity, conjunctival staining, tear breakup time (TBUT), and lid wiper epitheliopathy (LWE) in DED patients (all p < 0.05). A total of 402 metabolites were identified in pSS patients' tear fluid, with 64 showing differential expression. Pathway analysis identified significant enrichment in the biosynthesis pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Additionally, certain metabolites (e.g., lipids and anti-inflammatory molecules) correlated positively or negatively with clinical parameters like TBUT, LWE, and conjunctival staining. Conclusions This study underscores significant alterations in tear metabolites at the ocular surface in pSS patients receiving 0.05% topical CsA, offering important insights for managing pSS-related DED clinically.
Keywords: Sjögren's syndrome, Dry eye disease, Cyclosporine A, Metabolome, anti-inflammation
Received: 25 Jun 2025; Accepted: 09 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Huang, Xie, Yan and Song. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Xiaoming Yan, yanxiaoming7908@163.com
Wenjing Song, swj910608@163.com
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