Clinical Observation and Electroretinogram Analysis of Ocular Siderosis Following Ocular Trauma: A Retrospective Case Series

Yuyao Qu¹Liwen He²Jixian Ma¹Yaguang Hu¹Jingming Li^1*Xiaolong Bai^3*

• ¹The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
• ²Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China
• ³Yaozhou Zone People's Hospital, Tongchuan, China

Background To observe demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with ocular siderosis and to further analyze corresponding changes in electroretinogram (ERG) resultsfindings. Methods The demographics and clinical characteristics from patients with ocular siderosis were collected and summarized, including gender, age, disease duration, visual acuity and intraocular pressure. ERG parameters, including a-wave and b-wave latencies in photopic ERG and both amplitude and latency of b-wave in scotopic ERG, were collected. Paireding comparisons were conducted to verify the difference between the affected eye and unaffected eye within the same individual. Results Fifteen patients with unilateral ocular siderosis were included, of whom 13 were male. The average age was 38.6 years. More than half of the affected eyes exhibited severely impaired visual acuity (worse than 0.02). Significant differences were observed between affected and unaffected eyes in the b-wave amplitude and latency in photopic ERG, b-wave amplitude in scotopic 0.01 ERG, and both a-wave and b-wave amplitudes and latencies in scotopic 3.0 ERG. Conclusions Ocular siderosis is associated with marked retinal dysfunction, particularly involving the inner retinal layers. ERG proves to be a valuable tool for detecting and evaluating early retinal impairment in ocular siderosis, offering clinicians critical insights for timely diagnosis, management, and disease monitoring.