Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors Analysis of Overlapping Syndromes of COPD-OSA with Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-High Altitude Areas

Yisha Qin¹Xuefeng Shi^2*Aniu Aju¹Yilin Wan¹Mengchen Song¹Xingxing Hao¹Jiwu Li³

• ¹Qinghai University, Xining, China
• ²Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
• ³Luoyang First People's Hospital, Luoyang, China

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of overlap syndrome (OVS) patients with metabolic syndrome (Mets) in middle-high altitude areas. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on adult (≥40 years) OVS patients and healthy controls from Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital (January 2017–January 2024), including general and laboratory data. Results:1. OVS patients had a higher rate of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Pulmonary Hypertension than healthy individuals; 2. OVS patients had significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers, hematologic, and lipid than Healthy individuals; 3. The proportion of OVS patients who also had Mets was 55.24%; 4. Compared to OVS patients without Mets, OVS patients with Mets had significantly higher levels of neutrophils, hemoglobin, red blood cell distribution width, C-reactive protein, NHR, and NLR, as well as a higher percentage of time with pulsue oxygen saturation(SpO2) less than 80%, while the average and lowest SpO2 were significantly lower; 5. Hypoxic index, average SpO2, baseline SpO2, SpO2 less than 90%, and SpO2 less than 80% may be risk factors for the co-occurrence of OVS and Mets; 6. The rate of Mets among OVS patients who lived at an altitude of ≥2500 meters was 63.79%, higher than OVS patients who lived at an altitude of <2500 meters (44.68%). Conclusion: Over half of middle-high altitude OVS patients have Mets, with higher rates at higher altitudes. Hypoxia may drive OVS-Mets comorbidity, while inflammation appears less significant.