Drugs against osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women

Hong Lv¹Yaoyang Zhang²Rui Yang³Qiucheng Jia⁴Yi Yu⁴Huiming Tang⁴Wanying Chen⁴Yun Yang⁵Qiong Jiang⁶Jiming Chen^4*

• ¹People's hospital of Pujiang county, Chengdu, China
• ²Independent researcher, Dalian, China
• ³Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
• ⁴Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Changzhou Second Peoples Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, PR China;, Changzhou, China
• ⁵Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, China
• ⁶Department of Gynecology, Shiyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shiyan, China

The prevalence of osteoporosis will continue to rise as the world's population ages. Since women's bones are smaller and thinner than men's, bone loss accelerates as estrogen levels fall. Based on their primary effects, drugs used to treat osteoporosis can be categorized into three groups:1. Anti-resorptive medications. These primarily prevent osteoclasts from resorbing bone, which has a secondary effect on bone growth. Commonly used anti-resorptive drugs include bisphosphonates, denosumab, hormone replacement therapy, and raloxifene. 2.Anabolic medicines. These mainly stimulate osteoblasts to produce new bone, although they may also affect bone resorption. Common examples include teriparatide, romosozumab, and parathyroid hormone. 3.Phytoestrogens. These are non-steroidal, naturally occurring plant compounds with estrogenic and/or anti-estrogenic properties that resemble estrogen.