Your new experience awaits. Try the new design now and help us make it even better

REVIEW article

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

Sec. Molecular Signalling and Pathways

Volume 18 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2025.1668523

This article is part of the Research TopicGPCRs: An Emerging Link Between Cell Signaling and Therapeutic Strategies in Neurological and Metabolic DisordersView all articles

Advances in Research on Propofol-Induced Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction via Piezo Channels

Provisionally accepted
Han  XueHan Xue1,2Xiaoyu  ZhangXiaoyu Zhang1,2Chenxu  ChouChenxu Chou2Yulong  JiaYulong Jia1,2Chunguang  HaoChunguang Hao2*Xiaguang  DuanXiaguang Duan2*
  • 1Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
  • 2Department of Anesthesiology, Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Baotou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), which often affects elderly patients after anesthesia and surgery, is characterized by memory loss, trouble concentrating, and difficulties with thinking and decision-making. Propofol is a commonly used intravenous anesthetic. Its effects on the brain are complex, and researchers have been paying closer attention to them. While it can protect nerve cells in some situations, it may also cause damage. Emerging evidence suggests that mechanosensitive Piezo ion channels may serve as critical mediators. These channels allow cells to detect mechanical forces and turn them into biological signals. They may act as a link between propofol use and cognitive decline. This review highlights new findings on how propofol may affect Piezo channel function. It shows that propofol changes the physical properties of cell membranes. It makes the membranes stiffer and less fluid. These changes may change how Piezo channels react to mechanical forces. They can disturb calcium signals and synaptic function in the brain. This problem can increase inflammation and damage to mitochondria. It can weaken synaptic connections and cause cognitive decline, especially in older adults. Additionally, calcium entering through Piezo1 channels has been linked to inflammation, which may be another mechanism by which propofol and Piezo channels together cause POCD. However, clear proof of how propofol interacts with Piezo channels is still lacking. More research with molecular simulations, genetic models, and calcium imaging is needed to better understand these processes.

Keywords: Calcium Signaling, Membrane Biomechanics, Neuroinflammation, Piezo channels, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, Propofol

Received: 18 Jul 2025; Accepted: 05 Sep 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Xue, Zhang, Chou, Jia, Hao and Duan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence:
Chunguang Hao, Department of Anesthesiology, Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Baotou, China
Xiaguang Duan, Department of Anesthesiology, Baogang Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Baotou, China

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.