ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Ophthalmol.
Sec. Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
This article is part of the Research TopicMyopia in Childhood and AdolescenceView all 16 articles
Construction of risk factors and prediction model for myopia in children and adolescents
Provisionally accepted
- 1Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- 2Jianyang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sichuan, China
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Objectives:The primary objectives of this investigation were to determine the prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents in Jianyang City in 2023, identify influencing factors, develop a predictive model for myopia risk, and provide scientific evidence for protecting high-risk groups. Methods: Using a multistage cluster random sampling approach, we selected 3,912 students for myopia screening. Our study employed single-factor and multifactor logistic regression models to analyze the basic characteristics of the respondents and establish a prediction model. Results:Our results revealed that the prevalence of myopia in Jianyang City was 49.33% in 2023. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female sex (odds ratio (OR) = 1.574; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.366-1.813), educational stage in middle school (OR = 2.165; 95% CI: 1.746-2.685) or high school (OR = 3.142; 95% CI: 2.267-4.410), and absence of roof lamp and table lamp use (OR = 0.794; 95% CI: 0.699-0.901) were all significant risk factors for myopia. Furthermore, our analysis found that consuming two types of fruit daily (OR = 0.656; 95% CI: 0.503-0.856), sleeping for ≥8 hours (OR = 0.789; 95% CI: 0.655-0.951) are protective factors for myopia; whereas both parents having myopia (OR = 1.814; 95% CI: 1.551-2.122) is a risk factor for myopia. These differences are statistically significant (p < 0.05). Our nomogram prediction model indicated This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article that the three most important influencing factors for myopia risk were family genetic history, educational stage, and sex. Conclusion:The high prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents in Jianyang City is a matter of concern. This condition is closely associated with genetic predispositions and lifestyle factors. To effectively tackle this issue, it is imperative to implement preventive and control strategies, particularly focusing on high-risk groups, utilizing the nomogram prediction model developed in this study.
Keywords: Myopia, Children and adolescents, Influencing factors, Prevalence, nomogram
Received: 10 Mar 2025; Accepted: 09 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wang, Hu, Wang, Li, Mao and Peng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Qing Wang, 1563527045@qq.com
Xiaoli Peng, pengxiaoli@cmc.edu.cn
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