SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Water
Sec. Water Resource Management
This article is part of the Research TopicInterdisciplinary Approaches in Wastewater Treatment and Water Resource ManagementView all articles
Emerging Trends in IoT for Aquatic Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
Provisionally accepted
- 1Corporación Universitaria del Caribe, Sincelejo, Colombia
- 2Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- 3Universidad Tecnologica de Bolivar, Cartagena, Colombia
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Climate change, pollution, and the overexploitation of water resources have exacerbated their scarcity, triggering a crisis with profound humanitarian and ecological impacts, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. This systematic literature review examines 458 articles published between 2015 and 2025, aiming to identify the main Internet-of-Things (IoT)-based technological strategies applied to aquatic system management. The analyzed studies are categorized into four areas: IoT applications in aquatic systems, data transmission technologies, algorithms for process optimization and data analysis, and sensor-fusion applications. The findings highlight LoRa as the most widely adopted transmission technology, which is recognised for its extensive coverage, scalability, and low energy consumption. Additionally, disruptive advancements such as remote IoT and digital twins are emerging as transformative tools for monitoring surface and groundwater systems. The study also suggests a recommended architecture for these applications. It concludes by emphasizing the urgent need to develop more accessible and affordable IoT solutions encourage widespread adoption and address the challenges associated with the sustainable management of water resources.
Keywords: Internet of Things, Sensor Fusion, Systematic Literature Review, Water Quality, Water Resources
Received: 04 Sep 2025; Accepted: 07 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Cohen-Manrique, Camacho-Leon and Villa. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Sergio Camacho-Leon, sergio.camacho@tec.mx
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