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REVIEW article

Front. Aging

Sec. Molecular Mechanisms of Aging

This article is part of the Research TopicInsights in Molecular Mechanisms of Aging 2024/2025View all articles

Dietary Polyphenols and Sarcopenia: Epigenetic Mechanisms and Geroscience Perspectives for Muscle Health in Aging

Provisionally accepted
Guilherme Da Silva RodriguesGuilherme Da Silva Rodrigues1*Leonardo Santos Lopes da SilvaLeonardo Santos Lopes da Silva1Andressa Crystine da Silva SobrinhoAndressa Crystine da Silva Sobrinho1Jonas BenjamimJonas Benjamim2Gabriela Ferreira AbudGabriela Ferreira Abud1Gabriela Ueta OrtizGabriela Ueta Ortiz1Ellen Cristini de FreitasEllen Cristini de Freitas1Carlos Roberto Bueno JuniorCarlos Roberto Bueno Junior1,3
  • 1Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
  • 2Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
  • 3Universidade de Sao Paulo Escola de Educacao Fisica e Esporte de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil

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This review explores the effects of dietary polyphenols, such as resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate, and curcumin, on sarcopenia, with a particular focus on the underlying molecular and epigenetic mechanisms. These bioactive compounds may modulate key signaling pathways, including mTOR, NF-κB, and AMPK, while also influencing epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA regulation. Through these actions, polyphenols may reduce oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), enhance mitochondrial function, and contribute to the preservation of muscle mass and strength in older adults. Evidence from experimental and clinical studies investigating the impact of polyphenols on muscle health and their potential in the prevention or attenuation of sarcopenia will be discussed. In addition, current challenges and future perspectives will be addressed, emphasizing the role of epigenetic biomarkers and the potential synergy with physical exercise as part of integrated geroscience strategies to optimize muscle health during aging.

Keywords: epigenetics, muscle aging, Nutrigenomics, Polyphenols, Sarcopenia

Received: 31 Aug 2025; Accepted: 04 Dec 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Rodrigues, da Silva, Sobrinho, Benjamim, Abud, Ortiz, de Freitas and Bueno Junior. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Guilherme Da Silva Rodrigues

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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