ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Anim. Sci.
Sec. Animal Nutrition
Volume 6 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fanim.2025.1500706
This article is part of the Research TopicThe Role of Bioactive Nutrients in Animal Nutrition: Molecular, Computational, and Field-Based AdvancementsView all 3 articles
Evaluation of the required level of L-lysine amino acid in the diet of Gilan native ducks up
Provisionally accepted
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran
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The present study aimed to determine the dietary lysine (Lys) requirements of Gilan native ٥ ducks (mallards) up to seven weeks of age. A total of 300 male ducklings were randomly assigned ٦ to five dietary treatments with six replicates of ten birds each, in a completely randomized design.Birds received 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, and 1.1% lysine during the starter phase (1-14 days) and 0.45, ٨ 0.55, 0.65, 0.75, and 0.85% lysine during the grower phase (15-49 days). The results showed that ٩ during the starter phase, feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) significantly increased, and ١٠ feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased in ducks fed 1.0% and 1.1% lysine compared to the NRC-١١ recommended level (0.9%) (P<0.05). In the grower phase, ducks receiving 0.75% lysine showed ١٢ enhanced FI and BWG, while those fed 0.85% lysine demonstrated improved FCR (P<0.05).Higher lysine levels had no significant effect on spleen, bursa of fbricius, or breast weight, crypt ١٤ diameter, villus height, heterophile percentage, H/L ratio, monocyte count, MCHC, glutathione ١٥ peroxidase activity, or Newcastle antibody titer (P>0.05). However, lysine levels ≥0.65% ١٦ significantly increased thigh and wing weights, glucose, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, total protein, ١٧ albumin, uric acid, hematological indices (hematocrit, RBC, WBC, hemoglobin, lymphocytes, ١٨ MCH, MCV, eosinophils), crypt depth, villus thickness, and superoxide dismutase activity ١٩ (P<0.05). In contrast, ducks receiving 0.45% lysine exhibited higher liver and intestinal weights, ٢٠ triglyceride, urea, and VLDL levels (P<0.05). In conclusion, lysine levels above NRC (1994) ٢١ recommendations improved growth performance, carcass characteristics, serum biochemical ٢٢ indices, and intestinal morphology in Gilan native ducks. Based on these results, dietary lysine ٢٣ levels of 1.0-1.1% during the starter phase and 0.75-0.85% during the grower phase are ٢٤ recommended for optimal performance.
Keywords: L-Lysine, native duck of Gilan (mallard), performance, Biochemical parameters, carcass ٢٧ traits, intestinal morphology ٢٨ ٢٩
Received: 23 Sep 2024; Accepted: 07 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Aghdam Shahryar, Jamili Ghorab, Ebrahimnezhad, Farahvash, Vahdatpour and Ghorbani. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Habib Aghdam Shahryar, Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran
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