REVIEW article
Front. Artif. Intell.
Sec. AI for Human Learning and Behavior Change
Exploring Trust Factors in AI-Healthcare Integration: A Rapid Review
Provisionally accepted
- 1Dr. Gilles Arcand Centre for Health Equity, NOSM University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- 2Faculty of Education, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- 3Health Sciences Library, NOSM University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- 4Human Sciences Division, NOSM University, Thunder Bayy, Canada
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
This rapid review explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is integrated into healthcare and examines the factors influencing trust between users and AI systems. By systematically identifying trust-related determinants, this review provides actionable insights to support effective AI adoption in clinical settings. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and CINAHL (Ebsco) using keywords related to AI, healthcare, and trust yielded 872 unique citations, of which 40 studies met the inclusion criteria after screening. Three core themes were identified. AI literacy highlights the importance of user understanding of AI inputs, processes, and outputs in fostering trust among patients and clinicians. AI psychology reflects demographic and experiential influences on trust, such as age, gender, and prior AI exposure. AI utility emphasizes perceived usefulness, system efficiency, and integration within clinical workflows. Additional considerations include anthropomorphism, privacy and security concerns, and trust-repair mechanisms following system errors, particularly in high-risk clinical contexts. Overall, this review advances the understanding of trustworthy AI in healthcare and offers guidance for future implementation strategies and policy development.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, Trust, Trust factors, healthcare, AI, factors impacting trust, AI integration
Received: 02 Jul 2025; Accepted: 18 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Mertz, Toskovich, Shields, Attema, Dumond and Cameron. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Megan Mertz, mmertz@nosm.ca
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.