Model based analysis of the methane seeping influence on the acidification in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf waters

Evgeniy V. Yakushev^1*Anfisa Berezina¹Natalia Shakhova^2,3,4Jorn Bruggeman⁵Phil Wallhead¹Andre Staaltrøm¹Matvei Novikov⁶Shamil Yakubov¹Anastasia Zagovenkova⁷Murat V Ardelan⁸Richard Bellerby¹Örjan Gustafsson⁹Igor Semiletov^2,3

• ¹Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
• ²V.I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute (RAS), Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai, Russia
• ³Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Tomsk Oblast, Russia
• ⁴Institute of Geosphere Dynamics (RAS), Moscow, Moscow Oblast, Russia
• ⁵Bolding & Bruggeman ApS, Asperup, Denmark
• ⁶P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (RAS), Moscow, Moscow Oblast, Russia
• ⁷Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Moscow Oblast, Russia
• ⁸Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway
• ⁹Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden

A giant Arctic subsea permafrost reservoir of methane (CH 4 ) in different forms (hydrates, free gas) is leaking, likely at an increasing rate under climate warming (Shakhova et al., 2010c). This is causing a massive CH 4 release from sediments into the water column and atmosphere.A part of the relased CH 4 is oxidized in the water column to CO 2 . In this work we applied a model for analyzing of consequences for the water column carbonate system of excessive production of CO 2 during the aerobic oxidation of CH 4 in an area of its intensive seeping in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS). The model system comprised a 2-Dimensional vertical Benthic Pelagic transport Model 2DBP, principal biogeochemistry and carbonate system modules from the biogeochemical model BROM (Bottom RedOx Model), and a gas bubble fate module that parameterizes bubbles rising and dissolution. The simulations showed that consumption of oxygen and production of carbon dioxide via aerobic oxidation of methane results in spatial anomalies of pH and dissolved oxygen concentration that are consistent with the field observations. We hypothesize that aerobic oxidation of methane in the regions of intensive seeping leads to 1 Yakushev E. et al.production of CO 2 , with associated decrease of pH and lowering of aragonite saturation to less than 1, therefore contributing to the extreme acidification states that are observed on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf.