Your new experience awaits. Try the new design now and help us make it even better

METHODS article

Front. Mar. Sci.

Sec. Marine Fisheries, Aquaculture and Living Resources

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmars.2025.1524309

This article is part of the Research TopicChallenges in Fishery Assessment MethodologiesView all 14 articles

Towards a more Integrative Paradigm in Fisheries Assessment: Genetic Reference Points

Provisionally accepted
Iria  Seijas-DíazIria Seijas-Díaz1,2Pablo  PresaPablo Presa1,2*
  • 1CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN MARINA (CIM), Vigo, Spain
  • 2University of Vigo, Vigo, Galicia, Spain

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Fishery management decisions based solely on demographic models risk unintended and detrimental socio-economic consequences. Integrating biologically relevant metrics into stock assessments is crucial for sustainability amidst anthropogenic and environmental stressors (e.g., invasions, overfishing, pollution, global ocean change). In this work the authors aim to develop Genetic Reference Points (GRPs) for monitoring and evaluating the genetic status of fisheries which are patently absent from the official assessment. Complementary to demographic metrics, incorporating genetic analogs such as the Basal Genetic Reference Point (BGRP), the Target Genetic Reference Point (TGRP), the Limit Genetic Reference Point (LGRP), the trigger Genetic Reference Point (tGRP), and Genetic Structural Reference Point (GSRP) is now a viable approach. Using long-term genetic data series of the European hake, Merluccius merluccius, we show that current GRPs can significantly contribute to quantify a critical biological dimension across spatial (metapopulation structure) and temporal (evolution of genetic background under exploitation) scales. Therefore, we propose the systematic monitoring of spatiotemporal genetic diversity in other fisheries using established metrics such as the effective size (Ne) and novel metrics, e.g., Z_LDNe, D_LDNe and a Genetic Resilience Index (GRI) which relates the amount of change in Ne between fishery moments. We advocate for an interdisciplinary effort to integrate GRPs into algorithms and analytical models to enhance their predictive capacity in assessing the comprehensive biological status of exploited fisheries. Establishing robust GRPs at defined historical baselines, following a systematic roadmap, would provide future generations with scientifically sound criteria to assess genetic overfishing and to implement rebuilding strategies where appropriate.

Keywords: effective genetic mortality (Z_LDNe), effective number of genetic deaths (D_LDNe), European Hake, fishery assessment, Genetic Resilience Index (GRI), Genetic Reference Points (GRPs), GRPs implementation roadmap

Received: 07 Nov 2024; Accepted: 08 Aug 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Seijas-Díaz and Presa. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Pablo Presa, University of Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Galicia, Spain

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.