ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Mar. Sci.
Sec. Aquatic Physiology
Recombinant Bacillus subtilis CM65-Patt′ is a potential feed attractant of Megalobrama amblycephala: Evaluation based on appetite regulatory, growth performance and intestinal functions
Provisionally accepted
Xiaoyu ChuJingyu ZhouSisi XiongBeile YeZishang LiuXi WangXinyi Tian
Xiang-Fei Li
Guangzhen Jiang
Wenbin LiuXiaoli ShiXiaoe Xiang
Xiufei Cao*- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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This study was conducted to investigate the feed attractant properties of recombinant Bacillus subtilis CM65-Patt′ (secreting Patt, a functional peptide screened after enzymatic hydrolysis of the cotton meal) on the appetite regulatory, growth performance, intestinal structure integrity, digestive and absorptive functions of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). 240 blunt snout breams were selected (10.85 ± 0.25 g) and divided into 4 groups (three replicates per group), including control group (C, basic diet), original bacteria group (OB, 1 × 108 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis CM65) and two levels of recombinant bacteria groups (RB1, 1 × 108 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis CM65-Patt′; RB2, 1 × 109 CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis CM65-Patt′). After a 10-week feeding trial, the results showed that the appropriate dietary Bacillus subtilis CM65-Patt′ supplementation (1 × 109 CFU/kg) enhanced appetite and increased feed intake while improving growth performance via activation of Growth Hormone-Insulin-like Growth Factor (GH-IGF) axis, enhanced intestinal absorptive capability and maintained the integrity of intestinal structure by increasing the relative mRNA expression of tight junction proteins. Overall, those indices in the OB group had no significant change. In conclusion, this study confirmed that Bacillus subtilis CM65-Patt′ (or Patt) has great potential as a feed attractant, which can be recommended for use as a long-lasting effective feed attractant for fish.
Keywords: Bacillus subtilis CM65-Patt′, appetite regulatory, Feed attractant, Intestinal functions, Megalobrama amblycephala
Received: 19 Sep 2025; Accepted: 12 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Chu, Zhou, Xiong, Ye, Liu, Wang, Tian, Li, Jiang, Liu, Shi, Xiang and Cao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Xiufei Cao, cxf@njau.edu.cn
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