MINI REVIEW article
Front. Med.
Sec. Precision Medicine
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1603553
Integrating genetic and immune profiles for personalized immunotherapy in Alzheimer's Disease
Provisionally accepted
- 1Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- 2Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia worldwide, and it is estimated that the number of patients will increase to 131 million by 2050. Most of the current methods of dealing with AD are designed to alleviate the symptoms, and there is no effective way of stopping the progression of the disease. Personalized immunotherapy has the potential to be highly effective and cut down on side effects because it can be targeted accurately and intervened early. Considering the genetic factors, many studies are increasingly looking at taking the immune status into account. This article further discusses the genetic and immune characteristics of AD, the methods of integrating multiple histological data, the identification of biomarkers, the stratification of patients, the precise treatment plans, and the application and future trends of immunotherapy, giving new directions for the future treatment of AD. In this mini-review, the authors address the critical role that genetic background and immune status play in shaping therapeutic strategies for AD, noting that there is a unique immune response in carriers of the APOEε4 allele compared to non-carriers, and that this difference may affect the course of the disease as well as the efficacy of immunotherapy. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the current understanding of the influence of genetic and immune factors on each other in AD, focusing on the impact of the APOEε4 allele on the immune response and its implications for immunotherapy.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Personalized immunotherapy, Genetic-immune integration, biomarker identification, Precision treatment
Received: 31 Mar 2025; Accepted: 12 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 He, Zhang, Shen and Zhou. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Xiaoqing Zhou, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.