CASE REPORT article
Front. Med.
Sec. Rheumatology
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1642484
This article is part of the Research TopicJAK-STAT Signaling Pathway and Rheumatic DiseasesView all articles
JAK inhibitors for the treatment of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive dermatomyositis with spontaneous pneumomediastinum
Provisionally accepted
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Background Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPNM) occurred more frequently in dermatomyositis (DM) patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 （anti-MDA5）antibody than in DM patients without anti-MDA5 antibody. SPNM has been indicated as a risk factor for death in anti-MDA5 positive DM. There have been no clinical studies evaluating the treatment strategy for SPNM in anti-MDA5 positive DM. Methods We present a series of five cases in which administration of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors improved clinical condition of anti-MDA5 positive DM patients with SPNM. Results Clinical condition of the four patients who were given JAK inhibitors after diagnosis of SPNM were all improved. SPNM symptoms of the patient who was not commenced on JAK inhibitors progressed, the patient died of severe pulmonary infection. Conclusions JAK inhibitors appear to be an efficient therapeutic option in the treatment of anti-MDA5 positive DM with SPNM.
Keywords: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody, Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, Janus kinase inhibitors, Subcutaneous Emphysema, Interstitial Lung Disease
Received: 06 Jun 2025; Accepted: 18 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yang, Cui and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Xin Yang, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.