CASE REPORT article
Front. Med.
Sec. Infectious Diseases: Pathogenesis and Therapy
This article is part of the Research TopicExploring Clinical Application Scenarios of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogen DiagnosisView all 14 articles
A Case of Nocardia otitidiscaviarum Pneumonia Diagnosed by Application of Metagenome Next-Generation Sequencing and a Narrow Literature Review
Provisionally accepted
Miao Kong
Jiaying Sun*- China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Nocardia is an opportunistic pathogen with relatively low incidence but high mortality. Recently, reports of Nocardia infections have increased; however, infections caused by Nocardia otitidiscaviarum (N. otitidiscaviarum) remain relatively rare. Due to its non-specific clinical manifestations and imaging features, N. ototidiscaviarum infections are frequently misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed, and no standardized guidelines currently exist for their diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we report a case of pulmonary infection caused by N.otitidiscaviarum, which was diagnosed using a combination of traditional microbial morphology and second-generation sequencing, and subsequently showed improvement following treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) and linezolid . Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive literature review using PubMed to provide insights for improving the diagnosis and treatment of N.otitidiscaviarum infections.
Keywords: Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, pulmonary infection, Clinical features, Metagenomenext-generation sequencing, Treatment
Received: 14 Jun 2025; Accepted: 03 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Kong and Sun. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jiaying Sun, sunjy_cmu@163.com
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