REVIEW article
Front. Med.
Sec. Dermatology
Neonatal myeloid sarcoma presenting as multiple skin lesions: two case reports and literature review
Cong Zhao
xudan miao
jing tan
lin wang
Yalan Liu
Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
Background: Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an exceptionally rare condition, with instances of predominantly cutaneous involvement in neonates being even more uncommon. The natural history varies from indolent regression to rapid systemic progression, making therapeutic decision-making challenging. Case presentation: We describe two newborns with MS, who presented with small firm lesions at birth and subsequently developed generalized multiple erythematous lesions within weeks. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed and Embase to evaluate the prognostic patterns of neonatal MS. Data from 13 cases with skin-limited involvement were synthesized. Results: Among the 13 reviewed cases, spontaneous regression was documented in only 3 patients (23.1%). The majority (76.9%) required intensive therapy or had fatal outcomes. Conclusions: This report provides an overview of neonatal MS, spontaneous regression of neonatal MS is a documented but rare phenomenon. A watchful waiting strategy remains high-risk and should be reserved only for strictly asymptomatic cases under continuous clinical surveillance.
Summary
Keywords
high risk, myeloid sarcoma, neonate, Skin lesions, Spontaneous regression
Received
19 December 2025
Accepted
12 January 2026
Copyright
© 2026 Zhao, miao, tan, wang and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: lin wang
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