ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Mol. Biosci.
Sec. Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2025.1635795
This article is part of the Research TopicExploring the Correlation and Heterogeneity Between Acute and Chronic Diseases: Diagnostic and Therapeutic PerspectivesView all 8 articles
The protection of sulforaphane on subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced intestinal mucosa injury in rats
Provisionally accepted
- 1Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- 2Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Introduction: Sulforaphane (SFN) is recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we explored the effect of SFN on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the potential mechanisms.: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups (n = 12): Sham +vehicle group (Sham + V), SAH + vehicle group (SAH + V), and SAH + SFN group (SAH + S). SFN (50 mg/kg) dissolved in 250-280 μL corn oil were intraperitoneally injected and the same volume of corn oil served as the control. Appetite score, gut wet/dry weight ratio, and the histological changes in ileum tissues were examined to determine intestinal mucosal injury. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were performed to examine the expression of genes. LC3 immunofluorescence and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to assess cell autophagy and apoptosis.Results: Compared to SAH + V group, SAH + S group demonstrated significantly increased appetite score (1.55 ± 0.23 Vs 1.90 ± 0.35), decreased gut wet/dry weight ratio (4.02 ± 0.21 Vs 3.18 ± 0.21 ) and inflammatory score (2.89 ± 0.33 Vs 1.89 ± 0.60), elevated mRNA expression of Nrf-2 (1.12 ± 0.14 Vs 1.89 ± 0.12), HO-1 (0.46 ± 0.02 Vs 1.02 ± 0.10), NQO-1 (1.35 ± 0.09 Vs 1.97 ± 0.18) and protein levels of Nrf-2 (0.92 ± 0.18 Vs 1.43 ± 0.23), Keap1 (0.31 ± 0.03 Vs 0.44 ± 0.02), HO-1 (0.65 ± 0.02 Vs 0.88 ± 0.02), NQO-1 (0.58 ± 0.02 Vs 0.78 ± 0.02), LC3-II/I (0.20 ± 0.004 Vs 0.28± 0.01), ATG4D (0.45 ± 0.01 Vs 0.72 ± 0.04), P62 (0.85 ± 0.01 Vs 0.99 ± 0.03). The in Sulforaphane (SFN) is known to prevent inflammation, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. 删除[刘子翔]: of 删除[刘子翔]: exhibited 删除[刘子翔]: vitro experiments further revealed that 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) significantly reversed the decreased apoptosis of IEC-6 cells induced by 20 μmol/L SFN (20.60 ± 1.28 Vs 11.50 ± 0.58) Conclusion: SFN exhibited the protective effect on intestinal mucosa injury after SAH via activating autophagy, which may provide an innovative approach to alleviate the intestinal mucosa injury caused by SAH.
Keywords: SFN, SAH, Keap1/Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway, Autophagy, Intestinal mucosa injury
Received: 27 May 2025; Accepted: 31 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Gao, Li, Zhang and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Wei Gao, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
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