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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article

Front. Pharmacol.
Sec. Ethnopharmacology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1383359

The Efficacy of Herbal Medicines on the Length of Stay and Negative Conversion Time/Rate Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Provisionally accepted
Irma R. Latarissa Irma R. Latarissa 1Anna Meiliana Anna Meiliana 2Ida P. Sormin Ida P. Sormin 2,3,4Erizal Sugiono Erizal Sugiono 2,4Nasrul Wathoni Nasrul Wathoni 5Melisa I. Barliana Melisa I. Barliana 6,7Keri Lestari Keri Lestari 1,7*
  • 1 Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
  • 2 Prodia Clinical Laboratory, Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • 3 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of 17 August 1945 Jakarta, Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • 4 Prodia Clinical Laboratory, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • 5 Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
  • 6 Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
  • 7 Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Introduction: In recent years, diverse initiatives have been carried out to control the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from measures restricting social activities to analyzing drugs and vaccines. Studies on herbal medicines are also increasingly conducted in various countries as an adjuvant therapy or supplement. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to investigate the efficacy of herbal medicines analyzed from various countries through clinical trials with the randomized controlled trial method. The outcomes of Length of Stay (LOS), Negative Conversion Time (NCT), and Negative Conversion Rate (NCR) were the main focus. Methods: An extensive review of literature spanning from 2019 to 2023 was carried out using well-known databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane. The search included relevant keywords such as "randomized controlled trial," "COVID-19," and "herbal medicine." Results: A total of 8 articles were part of the inclusion criteria with outcomes of LOS, NCT, and NCR. In terms of LOS outcomes, all types of herbal medicines showed significant results, such as Persian Medicine Herbal (PM Herbal), Persian Barley Water (PBW), Jingyin Granules (JY granules), Reduning Injection, and Phyllanthus emblica (Amla). However, only JY granules showed significant results in NCR outcome, while JY granules and Reduning Injection showed significant results in reducing NCT. Conclusions: These findings enrich our understanding of the potential benefits of herbal medicines in influencing LOS, NCR and NCT parameters in COVID-19 patients. Herbal medicines worked to treat COVID-19 through antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory mechanisms.

    Keywords: herbal medicines, randomized controlled trial, Clinical Trial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory

    Received: 21 Feb 2024; Accepted: 10 May 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Latarissa, Meiliana, Sormin, Sugiono, Wathoni, Barliana and Lestari. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Keri Lestari, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.