ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Sec. Industrial Biotechnology
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1569902
This article is part of the Research TopicProspecting Microbial Technologies for Agricultural SustainabilityView all 3 articles
Media formulation to enhance α-amylase production for the green-synthesis of Au-NPs by Bacillus-subtilis VSP4 under SSF using statistical-methodology
Provisionally accepted
- Division of Microbial and Environmental Biotechnology, ASBI, Surat, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, India
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In the recent years, gold nanoparticles have been emphasized for their remarkable and promising applications in various arenas. The synthesis of Au-NPs using extra-cellular amylase produced by Bacillus subtilis VSP4 under SSF, wherein the reduction of AuCl4 with the retention of enzymatic activity in complex is being reported in present investigation. Here, B.subtilis VSP4 has been exploited for the enhancement of α-amylase production under SSF using Plackett-Burman Design (PBD) followed by central-composite design (CCD) of RSM. According to the analysis, most significant media component includes starch, yeast-extract and CaCl2 (significance>95%, ANOVA) which prominently uplift the enzyme production. The optimum level of all three selected variables were evaluated using CCD-RSM (20 runs) and it confirmed that 0.05g starch, 0.1g yeast extract and 5mM calcium-chloride per 5g of wheatbran under SSF experiment gave maximum α-amylase yield (169.72U/gds). The quadratic model F-value of 18.36 implies that model is significant while lack of fit F-value of 3.17 infers the lack of fit is not-significant which is good for the model to fit. The value of coefficient-of-variance was found to be 0.369 which denotes experiments performed are reliable with R2 value (0.94) (multiple correlation coefficient) as well standard deviation for the quadratic model was found to be 4.72. Separate validation experiment was performed to confirm the adequacy of the quadratic model. The present work highlights α-amylase production by B.subtilis VSP4 under SSF which was prominently enhanced adopting the statistical experimental design and lead to the formation of gold-nanoparticles with an average sized of ~5.17±0.85 nm and shows peak at 528nm.
Keywords: α-Amylase production, gold nanoparticles, Plackett-Burman design (PBD), CCD-Response Surface Methodology, Solid state fermentation (SSF)
Received: 02 Feb 2025; Accepted: 06 May 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Prajapati, Mehta and Patel. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Vimalkumar S Prajapati, Division of Microbial and Environmental Biotechnology, ASBI, Surat, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, India
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