ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

Sec. Biomechanics

Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1584509

This article is part of the Research TopicDiagnostic and Predictive Roles of Computational Cardiovascular Hemodynamics in the Management of Cardiovascular DiseasesView all 13 articles

A fully coupled fluid-structure interaction model for patient-specific analysis of bioprosthetic aortic valve haemodynamics

Provisionally accepted
Zhongjie YinZhongjie Yin1Chlöe ArmourChlöe Armour1Selene PirolaSelene Pirola2Harkamaljot KandailHarkamaljot Kandail3Xiaoxin KanXiaoxin Kan1Pankaj GargPankaj Garg4Rui LiRui Li5Toufan BahramiToufan Bahrami1Saeed MirsadraeeSaeed Mirsadraee1Xiao Yun XuXiao Yun Xu1*
  • 1Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  • 2Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
  • 3Medtronic Neurovascular, California, Irvine, USA, Irvine, United States
  • 4Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
  • 5University of East Anglia, Norwich, England, United Kingdom

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Bioprosthetic aortic valves (BPAV) have been increasingly used for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), but long-term complications associated with structural valve deterioration remain a concern. The structural behaviour of the valve and its surrounding haemodynamics play a key role in the longterm outcome of SAVR, and these can be quantitively analysed by means of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation. The aim of this study was to develop a fully coupled FSI model for patient-specific analysis of BPAV haemodynamics. Using the Edwards Magna Ease valve as an example, the workflow included reconstruction of the aortic root from CT images and the creation of valve geometric model based on available measurements made on the device. Two-way fully coupled FSI simulations were performed under patient-specific flow conditions derived from 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the latter also provided data for model validation. The simulation results were in good agreement with haemodynamic features extracted from 4D flow MRI and relevant data in the literature. Furthermore, the FSI model provided additional information that cannot be measured in vivo, including wall shear stress and its derivatives on the valve leaflets and in the aortic root. The FSI workflow presented in this study offers a promising tool for patient-specific assessment of aortic valve haemodynamics, and the results may help elucidate the role of haemodynamics in structural valve deterioration.

Keywords: Bioprosthetic aortic valve, Fluid-Structure Interaction, 4D flow, Haemodynamics, Wall Shear Stress

Received: 27 Feb 2025; Accepted: 15 May 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Yin, Armour, Pirola, Kandail, Kan, Garg, Li, Bahrami, Mirsadraee and Xu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Xiao Yun Xu, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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