Application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in humanized transformation of cow and goat milk

Zhengyi He^1*Shaozheng Song²Yao Yao²Longhua Liu¹Gan Zhe¹Leying Gu²Hongguang Bao²Huaqing Duan³

• ¹First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
• ²Taihu University of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
• ³Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China

CRISPR/Cas9 system is a burgeoning gene editing technology. It can knock out, insert or site-mutate specific DNA gene sequences. This technology has the characteristics of shortcut, efficient, precise and high specificity, and it is widely used in the research fields of genetic breeding, biomedicine and genetic engineering. Cow's milk and goat's milk are good natural sources of high quality proteins for human body. They are rich in nutrients, which were the best alternatives to breastfeeding for infants and young children. However, the milk contains some allergenic protein components, which meight be easily lead to allergic symptoms in infants and young children after consumption. Targeted genetic modification of cow and sheep milk protein genes using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, which targeted knockout of allergen proteins in the genome, and at the same time targeted introduction of functional nutritional protein components, so as to realize "humanized" milk transformation, which could improve the nutrition and consumption value of milk. This article mainly elaborates on the basic overview, working principle and design process of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, as well as the application research progress and development prospect of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated"humanization" transformation of cow and goat milk, in order to provide new ideas and references for improving the quality of animal milk and increasing its value for consumption.