ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Sec. Biosensors and Biomolecular Electronics
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvancements and Applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) in MedicineView all articles
Feasibility of Smart Ring-Based Remote Monitoring in Hospitalized Patients: Evaluation of Signal Transmission Latency and Data Acquisition Continuity
Provisionally accepted
- National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Background Wearable medical devices are increasingly used to enable continuous monitoring in inpatients. This study evaluated the performance of a smart ring-based monitoring system in terms of transmission latency and signal acquisition rate (SAR) among inpatients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 128 adult patients admitted to general wards between December 23, 2024, and July 11, 2025. Blood pressure and oxygen saturation data were collected using the CART-I plus smart ring. Transmission latency was defined as the time between data acquisition and arrival at the hospital server. SAR was defined as the proportion of successfully collected data over the total expected collection time. Factors affecting latency and SAR were analyzed using multivariable models. Results Mean transmission latency was 7.23 minutes (BP) and 4.35 minutes (SpO₂), both within predefined thresholds (10 and 5 minutes, respectively; p < 0.001). The mean SAR was 90.17% for BP and 90.62% for SpO₂, significantly exceeding the 80% threshold (p < 0.001). Transmission latency was significantly lower in patients requiring no or full assistance with mobility, in those residing in single or double rooms (vs. quad), and during daytime monitoring (p < 0.001). For SpO₂, latency was affected by mobility and change in network environment but not by room type or monitoring time. SAR was not significantly influenced by clinical variables but was higher after change in network environment (p < 0.05). Conclusions Smart ring-based monitoring demonstrated clinically acceptable latency and high signal continuity in inpatients. These findings support the feasibility of wearable-based RPM in hospital settings.
Keywords: Wearable Device, smart ring, Transmission latency, Signal acquisition rate, vital sign
Received: 20 Aug 2025; Accepted: 17 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Lim, Han, Park, KIM, PAK and Oh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Seung Jin Oh, osjwsa@nhimc.or.kr
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