ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
Sec. Biosensors and Biomolecular Electronics
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1692839
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Electrochemical and Nanotechnology Point-of-Care Devices for Biosensing ApplicationsView all articles
Simultaneous and sensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2 antigens employing an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy aptasensor
Provisionally accepted
- 1Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- 2Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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MPT64 and S-glycoprotein are essential biomarkers for detecting tuberculosis and coronavirus, two prevalent infectious diseases worldwide. In this study, we developed an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based aptasensor fabricated to detect both target antigens simultaneously, employing a dual-platform approach on a screen-printed gold electrode (SPGE). Thiolated aptamers targeting both antigens were functionalized on the surface of the SPGE, which was then blocked with 6-mercapto-1-hexanol and assessed for the detection of target biomarkers after a 10-min incubation period. The performance was evaluated using EIS, which can detect target antigens in the range of 0.01 pg/ml to 10 pg/ml in both buffer and human serum, quantified through charge transfer resistance (Rct) values. For MPT64 and S-glycoprotein in buffer, the optimized aptasensor achieved detection limits of 0.053 pg/ml and 0.319 pg/ml, respectively. In human serum, the detection limit for MPT64 was 0.085 pg/ml, whereas it was 1.421 pg/ml for S-glycoprotein. The surface functionalization of the SPGE was confirmed through cyclic voltammetry, contact angle measurements, and atomic force microscopy. The aptasensor maintained good storage stability for up to 22 days. This label-free EIS-based aptasensor is a sensitive, selective, and reproducible platform for simultaneously detecting tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2 biomarkers, demonstrating promising potential for clinical applications.
Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SARS-CoV-2, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Aptasensor, detection, MPT64, S-glycoprotein, simultaneous
Received: 26 Aug 2025; Accepted: 14 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhumabekova, Elebessov, Pham and Kanayeva. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Damira Kanayeva, dkanayeva@nu.edu.kz
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