ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

Sec. Coronary Artery Disease

Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1600353

The impact of clopidogrel combined with aspirin or aspirin alone on prognosis and adverse events in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in the first month after surgery

Provisionally accepted
Haiming  LiHaiming LiHui  HuHui HuJingxing  LiJingxing LiChengxiong  GuChengxiong GuBo  LiBo Li*
  • Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was a critical intervention for patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, yet managing thrombotic complications post-surgery remains challenging. Aspirin was the standard antiplatelet therapy following CABG; however, the potential benefits of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with clopidogrel were not well-defined in this setting. This study evaluates the impact of DAPT compared to aspirin alone on prognosis and adverse events in the first month after CABG.Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 281 patients undergoing CABG from August 2020 to July 2023. Using propensity score matching (PSM), these patients were separated into two groups based on their postoperative medication: the aspirin alone group (ASA, n = 117) and the dual antiplatelet therapy group (DAPT, n = 117). PSM ensured balanced baseline characteristics. Graft patency, platelet function, and postoperative adverse events were evaluated, with statistical significance set at a P-value < 0.05. Categorical variables were reported as frequencies and percentages [n (%)] and analyzed using Chi-square test. Continuous variables with a normal distribution were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and analyzed using t test.Results: DAPT resulted in significantly lower rates of saphenous vein graft occlusion compared to aspirin alone (17.09% vs. 29.06%, P = 0.030). Inhibition of platelet aggregation (IPA) was enhanced in the DAPT group (64.35% vs. 62.46%, P = 0.010), and thromboxane B2 levels were consistently lower on days 7, 14, and 30 post-surgery (P = 0.009, P = 0.005, and P = 0.002, respectively). Although adverse cardiovascular events did not significantly differ, minor bleeding, such as epistaxis, was more common in the DAPT group (6.84% vs. 0.85%, P = 0.041). Regression analysis showed DAPT reduced the odds of adverse events (OR: 0.452, 95% CI: 0.253–0.816, P = 0.008).Conclusion: DAPT with clopidogrel and aspirin improves graft patency and platelet inhibition in the first month following CABG, though it was associated with increased minor bleeding events.

Keywords: coronary artery bypass grafting, Dual antiplatelet therapy, Aspirin, clopidogrel, Graft Occlusion, postoperative outcomes

Received: 26 Mar 2025; Accepted: 03 Jun 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Li, Hu, Li, Gu and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Bo Li, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, China

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