Ultrasonic and clinical risk factors of solitary Plaque-RADS-2 carotid plaque for predicting anterior circulation ischemic stroke

Shuangshuang ZhaoZheng ZhangXincai WuYanwei ChenYun CaiHuajiao ZhaoJiayan BaoWenjun LiJiwen QianXin Zhang^*Baoding Chen^*

• Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China

Background: Plaque-RADS-2 carotid plaque is regarded as a low risk for attribution of cerebrovascular events. Nevertheless, for individuals with carotid plaque, the risk of ischemic stroke poses a continuous threat to both health and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate risk predictors of anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACIS) in patients with solitary Plaque-RADS-2 carotid plaque. Methods: 1961 patients' medical records were collected in our hospital from January to December, 2022. Patients with solitary Plaque-RADS-2 carotid plaque were divided into ACIS/non-ACIS group based on brain CT/MRI results. Ultrasonic and clinical characteristics were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 134 patients with solitary Plaque-RADS-2 carotid plaque enrolled in this study. Systolic blood pressure(SBP)> 141.5 mmHg, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)> 7.05 % , Triglyceride glucose (TyG)index > 7.18, and mainly hypoechoic significantly were predictive factors for ACIS. The prediction equation was logit (P) = 2.087 × (if SBP > 141.5) + 2.126 × (if HbA1c > 7.05) + 1.225 × (if TyG index > 7.18) + 1.554 × (if mainly hypoechoic) -1.795. The area under curve of receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.843. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that SBP > 141.5 mm Hg, HbA1c > 7.05%, TyG index > 7.18, and mainly hypoechoic were independent predictors of ACIS in patients with solitary Plaque-RADS-2 carotid plaque. Significant attention should be concerned with these risk factors to improve the management of solitary Plaque-RADS-2 carotid plaque.