ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Coronary Artery Disease
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1648568
This article is part of the Research TopicNovel Role and Mechanisms of Inflammation in Myocardial InfarctionView all 7 articles
Circulating Biomarkers Associated with Pyroptosis in the Differential Diagnosis of ST-Segment Elevation and Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Provisionally accepted
Zeki Dogan1*
Abdulhalim Senyigit1Seyma Dumur1Naile Fevziye Misirlioglu1Nedim Uzun2Sumeyye Nur Aydin3Adem Melekoglu2Ertugrul Altinbilek2
Ufuk Çakatay4
Hafize Uzun1- 1Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- 2Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi, Istanbul, Türkiye
- 3Istanbul Il Saglik Mudurlugu, Istanbul, Türkiye
- 4Istanbul Universitesi-Cerrahpasa Cerrahpasa Tip Fakultesi, Fatih, Türkiye
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Objectives: To evaluate the biomarker value of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), gasdermin D (GSDMD), caspase-1, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 in the systemic circulation in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) as a possible new biomarker candidate, and to compare their sensitivity and specificity to well-defined and built in biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), including high sensitive-cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) in patients with STEMI or NSTEMI. Methods: The study included 149 patients with acute STEMI, 151 patients with NSTEMI, and 151 healthy volunteers in the check-up outpatient clinic, admitted to Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Emergency Department, Istanbul. Results: CK-MB, hs-cTnI, pro-BNP, NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 levels were higher in the STEMI group compared to the other groups, whereas these parameters were lower in the control group compared to the NSTEMI groups. hs-cTnI, CK-MB, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 showed high sensitivity and specificity, suggesting their potential as reliable diagnostic markers in STEMI patients. Conclusions: NLRP3 inflammasome may play a role in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18 in STEMI. Inflammasome-related biomarkers show potential as adjunctive tools for distinguishing between STEMI and NSTEMI; however, further studies with multiple timepoints and larger sample sizes are needed to confirm their diagnostic utility and clinical applicability.
Keywords: caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, Myocardial Infarction, ST-segment elevation, pyroptosis
Received: 17 Jun 2025; Accepted: 20 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Dogan, Senyigit, Dumur, Fevziye Misirlioglu, Uzun, Aydin, Melekoglu, Altinbilek, Çakatay and Uzun. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Zeki Dogan, drzeki@yahoo.com
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