ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Coronary Artery Disease
Volume 12 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1651935
This article is part of the Research TopicCoronary Artery Disease in Young Adults: Epidemiology, Clinical Insights and ManagementView all articles
Combined Predictive Value of Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Remnant Cholesterol for Coronary Artery Disease in Young Adults
Provisionally accepted
- Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasingly prevalent in individuals aged ≤45 years, yet effective early detection strategies remain lacking. Insulin resistance (IR) and remnant cholesterol (RC) burden are critical contributors to early atherosclerosis, highlighting the potential utility of novel markers such as the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and RC. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of the TyG index and RC in predicting CAD and multi-vessel disease (MVD) in young adults. In this retrospective study, we analyzed 458 patients aged ≤45 years who underwent coronary angiography (CAG). The TyG index and RC were calculated using standard fasting plasma glucose and lipid profiles. Participants were classified into normal coronary, CAD, single-vessel disease (SVD), and MVD groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of CAD and MVD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the discriminative ability of TyG and RC. Both the TyG index and RC were significantly higher in patients with CAD compared with controls (P < 0.001), and further elevated in those with MVD. In multivariate analysis, the TyG index (odds ratio [OR] = 1.393) and RC (OR = 1.475) were independently associated with CAD; both also predicted MVD (TyG OR = 2.363; RC OR = 3.692). ROC analysis revealed that RC had a higher area under the curve (AUC) for identifying CAD than TyG (0.773 vs. 0.669). Conversely, the TyG index demonstrated greater predictive value for MVD (AUC = 0.775) compared to RC (AUC = 0.683). The TyG index and RC are independent, complementary, and easily accessible biomarkers for assessing early CAD risk in young adults. RC showed higher sensitivity in identifying the presence of CAD, while higher TyG index values were associated with more severe disease (i.e., multi-vessel involvement). Incorporating these markers into screening protocols may enhance early risk stratification and help prevent premature atherosclerosis in young populations.
Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease, young adults, Triglyceride-glucose index, Remnantcholesterol, Cardiovascular risk stratification, Atherosclerosis biomarkers
Received: 22 Jun 2025; Accepted: 13 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wu, Wu, Huang, Liu, Huang and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Lei Wang, heartwl@126.com
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.