SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Cardiovasc. Med.
Sec. Heart Failure and Transplantation
Incidence and influencing factors of 30-day unplanned readmission in chronic heart failure patients:A systematic review and meta-analysis
Provisionally accepted
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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Objective: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence and risk factors for 30-day unplanned readmissions in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF). Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, CINAHL, and Chinese databases up to February 2025. Data were analyzed by using Stata 17.0. Results: Among 4,040 screened publications, 21 studies were included. The incidence of 30-day unplanned readmission in CHF patients was 17.7% (95% CI: 13.9%-21.5%). Age ≥ 65 years (OR = 1.35, P = 0.024), diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 1.26, P=0.000), diabetes (OR = 1.49, P=0.001), atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR = 1.12, P=0.005), coronary heart disease (CHD) (OR = 5.28, P=0.000), cardiomyopathy (OR = 1.44, P=0.000), NYHA class ≥Ⅲor Ⅳ(OR = 1.64, P=0.000), use of beta blockers (OR = 1.25, P = 0.000), loop diuretics (OR = 1.41, P = 0.004), thiazides (OR = 1.22, P = 0.000), LVEF < 40% (OR=1.44, P=0.000), and length of stay (LOS) (OR=1.16, P=0.000) were risk factors for 30-day unplanned readmission in CHF patients. Conclusions: The incidence of 30-day unplanned readmissions in patients with CHF is moderate but concerning. Accurate identification of identified risk factors for targeted interventions to reduce the need for readmissions.
Keywords: chronic heart failure, Readmission, Incidence, Risk factors, Systematic review, Meta-analysis
Received: 10 Jul 2025; Accepted: 26 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Chen, Wang and Song. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Hongxia Song
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