REVIEW article
Front. Clim.
Sec. Climate Risk Management
Volume 7 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fclim.2025.1603798
This article is part of the Research TopicAdvances in Urban Flood Studies: Modeling, Monitoring, Strategic Planning, and Lessons LearnedView all articles
Systematic Review of Flood Resilience Strategies in Lagos Metropolis: Pathways toward the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda
Provisionally accepted
Opeyemi Aniramu*
Oluwagbenga Orimoogunje- Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria
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Flooding presents a significant challenge in the Lagos metropolis, driven by rapid urbanization, poor drainage infrastructure, and climate change. This study evaluates flood resilience strategies in Lagos, analyzing their effectiveness in mitigating flood risks and their alignment with the 2030 Agenda. The research utilizes the PICO (Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcomes) framework to refine research questions and follows PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines for study selection, search strategies, and data extraction. A thorough search across databases such as Google Scholar, SCOPUS, and government data repositories was conducted to ensure the inclusion of relevant studies while minimizing selection bias. The study emphasizes the severe impacts of flooding, referencing the 2022-2023 flood event which resulted in USD 262,500 damages and displaced 8000 residents in Lagos State.Current flood resilience strategies are inadequate to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) due to insufficient urban flood infrastructure, poor waste disposal practices, and worsening climatic conditions. The livelihoods, income, health, and overall survival of vulnerable communities are at significant risk. Key gaps identified include the weak enforcement of urban planning regulations, limited community engagement, ineffective early warning systems, and poor intervention initiatives. This study suggests a multi-stakeholder approach that enhances both structural and non-structural flood resilience. Improving drainage systems, promoting sustainable waste management, improving climate adaptation policies, and fostering community-based flood mitigation strategies are crucial for achieving long-term urban resilience. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and climate resilience advocates working toward the Sustainable Development Agenda in Lagos metropolis.
Keywords: Urban flood, Resilience capacity, Lagos metropolis, sustainable development, Disaster Risk Reduction, Community Engagement
Received: 01 Apr 2025; Accepted: 23 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Aniramu and Orimoogunje. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Opeyemi Aniramu, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria
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