ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Dent. Med.
Sec. Dental Materials
Volume 6 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fdmed.2025.1593189
Laboratory study on reattachment of vertical root fractures using 4-META/MMA-TBB resin
Provisionally accepted
- 1Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- 2青岛大学附属医院, 青岛市, China
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Background: Reattachment of root fragments with appropriate adhesive materials is expected to be the last conservative treatment for preserving teeth with vertical root fractures (VRFs).Objective: This study evaluated the biocompatibility of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin for root repair, compared with iRoot BP Plus, Fuji IX GIC, and Clearfil SA Luting. Fracture resistance and microleakage of the reattached roots were also tested. Methods: The biocompatibility of set materials was evaluated on L929 fibroblasts. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, live/dead cells staining and flow cytometry were used to assess cell biocompatibility. VRFs were created in bovine teeth, which were then reattached with set materials (excluding iRoot BP Plus). For the fracture resistance test, the roots were vertically fractured through the root canals (n=20). The fracture resistance was compared with sound roots (control group) and fracture patterns were observed under a microscope. Microleakage was also tested on the reattached roots (n=10). Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and the Tukey test. The significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: Clearfil SA Luting group exhibited the highest cytotoxicity. The other test materials had acceptable cytotoxicity, not exceeding Grade 1 (relative growth ratio [RGR]＞75%) in CCK-8. Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of viable cells exposed to 4-META/MMA-TBB resin displayed no significant difference compared with iRoot BP Plus (P>0.05). The root fracture resistances reattached using 4-META/MMA-TBB resin and Clearfil SA Luting were higher than that by Fuji IX GIC, but lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The difference between the two resin groups was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). As for the microleakage, 4-META/MMA-TBB resin group had the shortest penetration depth, whereas Fuji IX GIC group showed the longest penetration (P<0.05). Conclusions: 4-META/MMA-TBB resin had acceptable cell biocompatibility for root repair, similar to iRoot BP Plus. It can provide good fracture resistance and excellent sealing effect for reattaching treatment of VRFs.
Keywords: Vertical root fracture, root fragment reattachment, 4-META/MMA-TBB resin, Biocompatibility, fracture resistance 1 Introduction
Received: 13 Mar 2025; Accepted: 17 Jun 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 LI, WANG, FU, GUO, FANG, PAN and XU. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: haiping XU, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.