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CASE REPORT article

Front. Dent. Med.

Sec. Pediatric Dentistry

Volume 6 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fdmed.2025.1622740

Case Report: Three-Dimensional Characteristics of Craniofacial Morphology in Facial Asymmetry Due to Unilateral Coronal Synostosis

Provisionally accepted
Tomohiro  FukunagaTomohiro Fukunaga1*Shohei  ShigemiShohei Shigemi1Masahiro  KonnoMasahiro Konno2Jun  UechiJun Uechi3Mitsuhiro  YoshizawaMitsuhiro Yoshizawa1Akiko  KishikawaAkiko Kishikawa1Yoshimichi  ImaiYoshimichi Imai4Hideki  KitauraHideki Kitaura1Itaru  MizoguchiItaru Mizoguchi5
  • 1Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
  • 2Private Practice of Orthodontics, Hakodate, Japan
  • 3Private Practice of Orthodontics, Asahikawa, Japan
  • 4Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
  • 5Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

This case report describes the three-dimensional (3D) craniofacial morphology of a patient with severe facial asymmetry caused by unilateral coronal synostosis. The patient was an 11-year-and-3-month-old girl at the time of the first examination. Facial photographs revealed upper facial deviation toward the right (affected) side and lower facial deviation toward the left (non-affected) side. The nasal bridge was bent toward the non-affected side, and the external canthus on the affected side was retracted superolaterally. The midline of the lower dentition deviated toward the non-affected side. Molar relationships were Class III on the affected side and Class I on the non-affected side. A virtual fusion model of the skull and dentition was reconstructed and analyzed using a 3D coordinate system. The model demonstrated absence of the right coronal and sphenofrontal sutures, deviation of the nasal pyramid and vomer toward the affected side, and anterior displacement of the petrous bone. Unlike typical facial symmetry cases, this case exhibited a prominently anterior glenoid fossa and reduced mandibular body length on the affected side. These findings demonstrate the complex craniofacial morphology associated with unilateral coronal synostosis and highlight the role of the coronal suture in maintaining facial symmetry and the mandible's adaptive growth in response to glenoid fossa asymmetry.

Keywords: Facial Asymmetry, Unilateral coronal synostosis, Craniofacial morphology, Three-dimensional (3D), Glenoid fossa, Mandible

Received: 04 May 2025; Accepted: 08 Oct 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Fukunaga, Shigemi, Konno, Uechi, Yoshizawa, Kishikawa, Imai, Kitaura and Mizoguchi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Tomohiro Fukunaga, tfukunaga@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp

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