SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article
Front. Dent. Med.
Sec. Periodontics
Volume 6 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fdmed.2025.1661369
This article is part of the Research TopicPeri-Implantitis Management: Exploring Multifactorial Etiology and Novel Treatment ModalitiesView all 5 articles
Impact of Implant Surface Modifications on Long-Term Outcome of Surgical Peri-Implantitis Treatment: A Systematic Review
Provisionally accepted
- 1University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 2Division of Regenerative Dental Medicine and Periodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 3Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmo University, Malmo, Sweden
- 4Department of Periodontology, Blekinge Hospital, Karlskrona, Karlskrona, Sweden
- 5Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- 6Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Plain Language Summary Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease that damages the tissues and bone supporting dental implants, which can ultimately lead to implant loss if not treated. Many different surgical approaches are used to manage this condition, and researchers have questioned whether the surface characteristics of implants (for example, smooth vs. rough surfaces) influence long-term treatment success. In this review, we systematically analyzed clinical studies with at least 3 years of follow-up that examined the outcomes of surgical peri-implantitis treatment in relation to implant surface type. We found that treatment outcomes varied depending on whether implants had smooth (machined/turned) or rough (modified) surfaces. In general, rough surfaces were associated with a higher risk of disease recurrence and implant loss compared with smoother surfaces. Surgical techniques that involved reconstructive approaches (such as adding bone grafts or membranes) tended to show more favorable results than non-reconstructive approaches. However, the overall certainty of the evidence was low because of differences between studies, small sample sizes, and risk of bias. This means that while some trends can be observed, strong conclusions cannot yet be drawn. More well-designed long-term clinical trials are needed to clarify how implant surface characteristics affect the success of peri-implantitis treatment.
Keywords: Peri-Implantitis, surgical peri-implant treatment, treatment outcome, Explantation, Implant surface, Long-term outcomes, bone loss, Implant survival
Received: 07 Jul 2025; Accepted: 05 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 ZEKERIDOU, Gardelis, Giannopoulou and Stavropoulos. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Alkisti ZEKERIDOU, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.