MINI REVIEW article
Front. Dent. Med.
Sec. Periodontics
Volume 6 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fdmed.2025.1700665
This article is part of the Research TopicPeriodontal Disease and Systemic Health: Translational Insights and Clinical ApproachesView all 6 articles
CTLA4 AND TARGETED IMMUNOTHERAPY—A KEY LINK IN SYSTEMIC INFLUENCE OF PERIODONTITIS: A MINI REVIEW
Provisionally accepted
- 1Tagore Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, India
- 2Sri Ramachandra University Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
- 3Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
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Abstract: Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 is a T cell-associated receptor, serving as an immune checkpoint molecule, downregulating immunosurveillance, and propagating immune homeostasis. Periodontitis influences the serum levels of CTLA-4, which in turn alters the T cell activation pathways, PD1 pathways, and CD80 activation, which has a key role in antigen presentation and implicates B cell-mediated antibody response in periodontitis. In contrast, this elevation in CTLA4 has its influence in altering various other systemic immuno-inflammatory disorders, most predominantly cancer and its immunotherapy. In the current article an extensive literature review is done to elicit the linking elevation of CTLA-4 in periodontitis and its possible influence in systemic immune-inflammatory disorders and their targeted immune therapy. Upon elicitation, CTLA-4 and its molecular therapy are encountered to have a crucial role in altering the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders, cancer pathogenesis, and immunotherapy. The current article elaborates on the immuno-inflammatory pathways, molecular links, and plausible mechanisms linking periodontitis-associated CTLA-4 elevation and CTLA-4-based molecular therapy, exclusively targeted cancer immunotherapy.
Keywords: CTLA-4 protein human, Immune checkpoint inhibitor, Immunotherapy, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Periodontitis
Received: 07 Sep 2025; Accepted: 13 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Thanigaimalai, Ravindran, S.K., B and C. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Abirami Thanigaimalai, abitm.ds@gmail.com
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