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MINI REVIEW article

Front. Dent. Med.

Sec. Regenerative Dentistry

This article is part of the Research TopicPulp Biology and Regeneration: Basic, Clinical and Educational AspectsView all articles

Angiogenic regulation of dental pulp stem cells

Provisionally accepted
Thanaphum OsathanonThanaphum Osathanon1*Waruna DissanayakaWaruna Dissanayaka2Nunthawan NowwaroteNunthawan Nowwarote3Tanida SrisuwanTanida Srisuwan4Sirawut Hiran-UsSirawut Hiran-Us1Chatvadee KornsuthisoponChatvadee Kornsuthisopon1Xiaofei ZhuXiaofei Zhu5
  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Thailand
  • 2Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
  • 3Universite Paris Cite UFR d'Odontologie, Paris, France
  • 4Chiang Mai University Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  • 5Boston University, Boston, United States

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Tissue regeneration relies on the ingrowth of blood vessels from the host for the survival and functionalization of regenerated tissues. Any holdup in this process can threaten the viability of the transplanted progenitor cells, which in turn can hinder effective tissue regeneration. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a promising candidate cell source for dental pulp regeneration due to their potential for odontogenic and endothelial differentiation, as well as angiogenic properties. This narrative review examines the mechanisms by which DPSCs regulate angiogenesis. DPSCs modulate angiogenesis through multiple mechanisms: direct differentiation into endothelial cells, paracrine secretion of angiogenic growth factors, and functioning as mural cells to stabilise the nascent vasculature formed. Furthermore, the physical and biological interaction between DPSCs and extracellular matrices modulate the process of angiogenesis. The primary focus is on the intricate, multifaceted aspects of dental pulp regeneration; however, broader aspects of general tissue regeneration were also highlighted. The angiogenic modulation by DPSCs holds significant potential for the formulation of strategies that integrate pro-angiogenic scaffolds and signalling molecules to address the challenges associated with dental pulp tissue regeneration.

Keywords: Angiogenesis, Dental Pulp, hypoxia, growth factors, VEGF

Received: 01 Oct 2025; Accepted: 25 Nov 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Osathanon, Dissanayaka, Nowwarote, Srisuwan, Hiran-Us, Kornsuthisopon and Zhu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Thanaphum Osathanon

Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Supplementary Material