ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Health Serv.
Sec. Person-Centered Health and Care Systems
Development and Validation of an enhanced PERCCI-S (PERCCI-S-Rev) for Measuring Person-Centred Home-Based Primary Care
Theresa Elisabeth Larsen 1,2,3
Richard Sawatzky 4,1,5
Helle Wijk 3,6,7
Ewa Wikström 8
Axel Wolf 1,3
1. Goteborgs universitet Centrum for personcentrerad vard, Gothenburg, Sweden
2. Gothenburg Region, Gothenburg, Sweden
3. Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Goteborgs universitet Sahlgrenska Akademin, Gothenburg, Sweden
4. Trinity Western University, Langley, Canada
5. Centre for advancing health outcomes, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, Canada
6. Chalmers tekniska hogskola Institutionen for arkitektur och samhallsbyggnadsteknik, Gothenburg, Sweden
7. Department of Quality Assurance, Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset, Gothenburg, Sweden
8. Centre for Health Governance, Department of Management & Organization, Goteborgs universitet Handelshogskolan, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: The Person-Centred Community Care Inventory – Swedish version (PERCCI-S) has been used in Swedish municipalities to measure person-centred care in home-based primary care (HBPC) from the patient's perspective since 2021. With use, areas for improvement have emerged. The aim was to develop a revised version that addresses issues identified in practice and incorporates recommendations from the previous validation study while maintaining or improving psychometric properties. A secondary aim was to confirm measurement equivalence of the PERCCI-S to support its use for patients with HBPC alone and those with both HBPC and social care services. Methods: Data were collected via two surveys of patients 18 years or older receiving municipal HBPC in Sweden including: a) 1 422 participants who completed the original PERCCI-S in 2023, and b) 1 204 who completed the revised version in 2024. The revised PERCCI-S was developed based on prior feedback and validated based on a series of psychometric and item-response theory analyses comparing the two versions. Results: The revised PERCCI-S consists of 12 items. One item was replaced, and three were reworded to emphasize partnership, autonomy, and emotional attunement, core elements of contemporary person-centred care frameworks. Additionally, three items were reworded for clarity. The response scale was changed from four to seven response options. Results of psychometric analyses provide support for the measurement structure of the revised PERCCI-S and measurement equivalence between patients with HBPC alone and those with both HBPC and social care services. The overall scale has good internal consistency reliability (α = 0.97) and fewer ceiling effects compared to the original.
Summary
Keywords
Home-based primary care, item response theory, Measurement evaluation, patientreported experience measures, person-centred care, Psychometrics
Received
12 December 2025
Accepted
06 February 2026
Copyright
© 2026 Larsen, Sawatzky, Wijk, Wikström and Wolf. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Theresa Elisabeth Larsen
Disclaimer
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